Pangu town Caiyuan Immigrant Village, Jishui County, Jiangxi Province.

　　Photo by Liao Min (Image China)

　　Representative Zhi Yueying, teacher of Zaoxia School, Fengxin County, Yichun City, Jiangxi Province

　　Let the left-behind children smile more brightly.

　　Holding a certificate of honor and wearing a medal, a few days ago, when the reporter met Zhi Yueying, a deputy to the National People’s Congress and a rural teacher at Baiyang Teaching School in Fengxia School, Fengxin County, Yichun City, Jiangxi Province, she was just awarded as an advanced individual in poverty alleviation in China. "This is an honor and a spur." Zhi Yueying said that at this year’s National People’s Congress, she will continue to drum up and shout for left-behind children in rural areas.

　　Zhi Yueying has taught in Dashan for 40 years and witnessed the development of rural education. For example, "a screen" allows more and more rural children to enjoy high-quality educational resources; Thanks to the nutrition improvement plan, rural children have grown taller. However, the healthy growth of children needs school education, and it is inseparable from family education. In this regard, Zhi Yueying has been investigating.

　　Over the years, the research that Zhi Yueying has done most is home visits. "There are not many students in the school, and their homes are nearby. I usually don’t sit and eat in the school cafeteria. I always take meals to the students’ homes and talk with the adults in my children’s homes while eating." Zhi Yueying said.

　　Through this simple research method, Zhi Yueying learned a lot: many parents go out to work, which leads to the lack of care for their children, and it is easy to form psychology and personality such as loneliness and inferiority. Grandparents take care of their children, who are generally older, have a low education level, and have to undertake a lot of housework and farm work, so the time and energy for educating and tutoring their children are limited.

　　Rural revitalization can’t be turned around to love left-behind children. Through visiting and investigating, Zhi Yueying learned some effective measures, such as establishing "staying in Children’s Home", developing functions such as reading books of interest, cultural and sports activities and psychological counseling, and enriching children’s after-school and holiday life. Zhi Yueying suggested that in the process of solidly promoting the rural revitalization strategy, we should further strengthen the care for left-behind children and encourage and support the construction and development of institutions such as "Left-behind Children’s Home".

　　Zhi Yueying said: "I like to see the smiling faces of children. When children smile, their parents will be happy and the countryside will be beautiful. My persistence is to have more bright smiles on the faces of left-behind children. "

　　(Reporter Lei Zhu, Zhou Huan)

　　Representative of Ma Huijuan, a farmer writer in Hongsibu District, wuzhong City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

　　For the villagers to get rich in their pockets and heads.

　　Ma Huijuan is a peasant writer in Ningxia. In recent years, she has published many books to record the poverty-stricken areas in Xihaigu. Since becoming a deputy to the National People’s Congress, she has been paying attention to the construction of rural culture. She said: "Reading and writing have changed my life, and I also want to change the lives of villagers with reading."

　　Hongsibao District, wuzhong City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, where Ma Huijuan is located, is a centralized resettlement area for individual ecological migrants in different places. After years of development and construction, the forest coverage rate has increased from less than 5% at first to 39% now, and the annual per capita disposable income of farmers has increased from less than 500 yuan at the beginning of development to nearly 10,000 yuan now.

　　"Farmers should not only get rid of poverty materially, but also spiritually and culturally ‘ Poverty alleviation ’ . The days are good, and it is timely to promote spiritual and cultural construction. " Ma Huijuan is determined to set up a "soil scholarly reading club" in the village, calling on all the villagers to study.

　　"I remember that when the reading club welcomed the first group of members, there were only 20 people, and two of them were illiterate." Ma Huijuan is more aware of his responsibilities. In recent years, she has taken the "Tushuxiang Reading Society" as her duty position, often giving lectures to villagers to help them learn cultural knowledge. Sometimes, with her personal case, she explains the truth that "knowledge changes fate" and encourages the villagers to study more and pursue their dreams. She will also have in-depth exchanges with the villagers to understand their spiritual and cultural needs.

　　Under the guidance of Ma Huijuan, more and more villagers attach importance to cultural education. Ma Huijuan, for example, said that although Sister Su Fa, a villager, can’t read, her three children are a teacher, a nurse and a university student in Beijing. In order to have better communication with children, Sister Su Fa is also determined to learn culture.

　　Now, Ma Huijuan has an idea, that is, to spread the "Earth Scholarly Reading Society" to the whole Hongsibao District, so as to create learning and communication opportunities for more people. At this year’s National People’s Congress, she will continue to pay attention to the construction of rural culture, hoping that in the process of solidly promoting the rural revitalization strategy, the villagers’ "pockets" and "heads" will become rich.

　　(Reporter Liu Feng)

　　Member Gong Jue Qu Zhen, head of Zhari Township, Longzi County, Shannan City, Xizang Autonomous Region

　　Make the countryside more beautiful.

　　In the Spring Festival of 2021, Gong Jue Qu Zhen, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and head of Zhari Township, Longzi County, Shannan City, Xizang Autonomous Region, was busy around. This is the first Spring Festival after 140 farmers and herdsmen in three villages in the township moved into their new homes. She went to the village to learn about the living conditions of the villagers and listen to everyone’s New Year wishes.

　　Gong Jue Qu Zhen is a native of Zhari Township, who witnessed the whole process of getting rid of poverty and taking off his hat in Zhari Township. "In the past, Zhari Township was selected as the first batch of scenic spots at the autonomous region level in Tibet because of its well-preserved original ecological environment. However, Zhari Township, which guards natural tourism resources, once became a deep poverty-stricken township because of its backward infrastructure. " Gong Jue Qu Zhen said.

　　Zhari Township decided to take a road of getting rich according to local conditions — — Grow tea on the plateau at an altitude of more than 2700 meters. The villagers responded in succession, especially the young people in the village, not only actively participated, but also became rich leaders. "Now the villagers have lived in Anjufang, and every household has electricity. A new asphalt road was built from Zhari Township to Longzi County, shortening the driving time of the past seven or eight hours to three hours. " Gong Jue Qu Zhen said.

　　In 2018, Zhari Township was lifted out of poverty. Gong Jue Qu Zhen, together with party member cadres, led the villagers to implement the projects of "Planting Alpine Tea Garden" and "Tibetan Liquor Processing Factory". Zhari Township also relies on ecological resources to develop tourism. In 2020, the per capita income of the township will exceed 27,000 yuan.

　　"Getting rid of poverty is not the end, but the starting point of a new life and a new struggle." Gong Jue Qu Zhen has been thinking: How to take advantage of the situation and make Zhari Township more dynamic and beautiful?

　　For some time, Gong Jue Qu Zhen noticed that tourism has started, but the problem of garbage disposal has followed. How to make tourism develop continuously and create a good village living environment? This is also the topic that Gong Jue Qu Zhen heard the villagers discuss the most during the Spring Festival. At this year’s National People’s Congress, the theme of the proposal she prepared was "Strengthening rural environmental governance and boosting rural revitalization", hoping that the state would increase its support and help set up garbage disposal facilities at the township level.

　　"We must continue to do a good job in enriching the people through industry, improve the living environment in villages and build Zhari Township better and better." Gong Jue Qu Zhen said.

　　(Reporter Ni Wei, altak)

　　Member Li Xuelin, President of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

　　Supporting rural revitalization with science and technology

　　Traveling all over 16 cities, prefectures and more than 60 counties in Yunnan — — This is the footprint of Li Xuelin, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and president of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, who performed his duties last year, in order to communicate closely with farmers, find out the agricultural development in Yunnan Province, and explore the path of rural industry development in a targeted manner.

　　"During the visit, I deeply felt that agricultural technology support is crucial to make rural industries bigger and stronger." Every time Li Xuelin makes an investigation, it will provide technical guidance for farmers in a targeted way in combination with the needs of the development of local agricultural advantageous and characteristic industries. He also organized a team of experts from Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences to compile "Popular Science Series on Rural Industry Development" for the "straight-through ethnic groups" and ethnic groups with less population in the province.

　　Yunnan is an important producing area of fresh agricultural products such as fresh cut flowers, vegetables, fruits and wild mushrooms in China. Li Xuelin noted that in recent years, the export sales of these special agricultural products have increased rapidly, but the development of cold chain logistics has lagged behind, which has become a shortcoming affecting the quality and freshness of agricultural products.

　　What are the different requirements of different agricultural products for cold chain transportation? What is the volume of cold chain logistics carriers with different subjects? With these problems, in August last year, Li Xuelin organized a team to Kunming, Dali, Baoshan, Dehong and other places, and successively investigated logistics companies, fruit wholesale markets and leading enterprises in vegetable planting and production. Since then, he has visited ports in Pu ‘er, Wenshan and Baoshan to learn about the cold chain logistics of agricultural products in import and transshipment in neighboring countries. Based on a large number of investigations, Li Xuelin took the lead in writing the Special Investigation Report on the Construction of Cold Chain Logistics of Agricultural Products in Yunnan Province, which provided reference for relevant departments to make decisions.

　　At this year’s National People’s Congress, Li Xuelin brought a proposal on accelerating support for the development of cold chain logistics of agricultural products. He suggested that relevant departments should intensify their efforts to support large agricultural provinces to solve the problem of infrastructure shortcomings in the production, marketing and transportation of agricultural products, attach importance to the construction of post-harvest preservation facilities in producing areas, encourage business entities to build specialized preservation treatment systems in producing areas, and support the construction of online agricultural products circulation warehouses. At the same time, it is necessary to further build the brand image of characteristic agricultural products with high quality and good price, and boost agricultural efficiency and farmers’ income.

　　(Reporter Qian Yibin)

　　People’s Daily (15th edition, March 7, 2021)

　　Beijing opera has always been regarded as the "quintessence of the country", which is popular all over the country and famous all over the world. In the development of Peking Opera, "Huiban going to Beijing" is a landmark event. The so-called "Huizhou Class" is a troupe mainly composed of Anhui artists (especially in Anqing). During the Qianlong period, Huizhou Class was popular in Yangzhou, and many Huizhou merchants in Yangzhou had private troupes. In the fifty-fifth year of Qianlong (1790), on the occasion of Emperor Qianlong’s eightieth birthday, Huiban was sent to Beijing to celebrate his birthday, and it has gradually flourished since then. During Jiaqing and Daoguang years, artists of Han tune also joined Huiban in Beijing to perform, and Huihan merged to gather the strengths of many people and developed into a Beijing opera mainly singing Xipi and Erhuang.

　　The well-known director Hu Mei’s new film "Into Beijing" focuses on the story of "Huiban going to Beijing" and reveals a legendary story about the origin of Peking Opera.

　　The poster film into Beijing is divided into two clues. One is based on Yue Jiu (played by Fu Dalong), a famous opera actress. During the Qianlong period, Yue Jiu, who sang the role of Dan, was once a famous opera star in Beijing. However, because of being framed by his peers, he was accused of singing gaudy operas and was banned from returning to Beijing to sing operas forever. Yue Jiu left Beijing sadly.

　　The expulsion of Yue Jiu, played by Fu Dalong, involved an important historical background, namely, the struggle between flowers and elegance in traditional Chinese opera. The so-called elegance means positive meaning, and the rulers regard Kunqu opera as the sound of elegant music; The so-called flower means vulgar or miscellaneous, which means that the flowers in the flower department are impure, and all local operas such as Qin opera, Luoluo opera and Erhuang tune are also called random play. On the surface, the dispute between elegance and elegance is the ruler’s "advocating elegance and restraining vulgarity". In fact, it is "the reflection of the aesthetic orientation of the citizen class and the merchant group challenging the ruling group and the literati group, and it is a dispute over the right to speak", so the smoke is silent.

　　Yue Jiu was expelled from Beijing and came to Yangzhou. He still loves drama, and it is still bigger than the sky. In the snow and ice, he practiced walking on beans, sweating profusely. He couldn’t help but eat the midnight snack. He went to the tree to induce vomiting. Someone asked him what was going on. He turned his eyelids and pointed to his eyes and said, "This is really old and yellow. It’s ugly to wear makeup." In order to win the opportunity to sing with the capital, he took out all his possessions. He sang only one play in the capital, but was reported by a villain and put into prison. He still practiced without fear … …

　　Yue Jiu practiced walking on beans, and Yue Jiu always held back his strength. He swallowed his grief and hatred, and he really couldn’t swallow the humiliation of being expelled. He wants to re-enter the capital, he wants to prove his innocence and act openly, and he is fighting for a sigh of relief!

　　Yue Jiu can’t swallow another clue of the wronged "Into the Capital", which revolves around Wang Runsheng (Ma Jinghan), the master martial artist of Chuntai Class. Wang Runsheng was discriminated against repeatedly because of his status as a player, and even his sweetheart Chun Rong (Olivia) could not get married.

　　Wang Runsheng (Ma Jinghan) and his sweetheart Chun Rong (Olivia) have a very humble status in history. Even an actress is regarded as a clown and beggar in society. Sometimes the social status of a player is even worse than that of a prostitute. Chunrong’s mother ridiculed Wang Runsheng, even if his Geng Tie was taken to a brothel, no one wanted it. Because prostitutes may be successful in my official career after they are redeemed, but it is difficult for actors to turn over. It is customary in past dynasties that actors cannot be officials. It is mentioned in the film that even if they are divorced, they will have to wait three generations before they can take the scientific examination.

　　Unlike Yue Jiu, Wang Runsheng didn’t love singing opera at first. He only regarded singing opera as a means of making a living, thinking of going home to farm after eloping with Chun Rong. Unable to elope, he abandoned himself for a while. However, when he saw Yue Jiu’s obsession with drama, and saw that Yue Jiu never belittled himself, others naturally thought highly of him, especially with the guidance and help of the confidante Feng Gege (Ma Yili), he gradually understood that if he wanted others to respect him, he would have to live up to his expectations and respect himself.

　　Feng Gege, played by Ma Yili, is an opera idiot. He and Wang Runsheng have an emotional relationship. The surface story of Entering the Capital is how two exiled, discriminated and degraded actors fight for their own breath. In the climax of the film, Wang Runsheng and Yue Jiuqiang joined hands to give a wonderful drama in front of Ganlong, and got a "good" from Ganlong! Yue Jiu once told Wang Runsheng that singing opera is to live well for this sound. In the historical context at that time, there is nothing more glorious than going to Beijing to be holy and being affirmed by the holy.

　　Under the surface story of Yue Jiu singing opera in front of Gan Long, Entering the Capital also traces the birth history of Peking Opera, eulogizing the opera masters who have made great contributions to the development of Peking Opera, and eulogizing the famous or unknown "Yue Jiu" and "Wang Runsheng".

　　After watching the movie, it is hard for the audience not to be moved by Yue Jiu. On the one hand, thanks to Fu Dalong’s superb acting skills, he has become one with Yue Jiu. Every time he raises his hand, throws his foot, holds his heart, frowns and opens his mouth, he has the grace, demeanor and character of a master of traditional Chinese opera.

　　On the other hand, Zou Jingzhi, the screenwriter, is deeply attached to this role. Zou Jingzhi himself is a veteran Beijing opera lover. He has fully integrated his love for Beijing opera into the story, and the classic role of Yue Jiu has also condensed the common spirit of all opera masters — — "Three good voices on the stage, ten years of work under the stage", "Ten-year champion, a hundred-year actor", they study hard and never slacken, and always strive for perfection in the art of traditional Chinese opera. It is because of them that traditional Chinese opera can be developed and passed down, and Peking Opera can be born.

　　From this point of view, Entering Beijing is actually a love letter or a thank-you letter written to Peking Opera and the masters of traditional Chinese opera in history.

　　Behind the development of Beijing Opera, there are countless efforts of opera masters like Yue Jiu. Entering Beijing is not without its shortcomings. Zou Jingzhi’s plays are relatively "steady", and Hu Mei is slow and steady in the process of restoration. However, because of the mediocrity of the lens language, the redundancy of some narrative bridges, and the fact that the acting skills of several other young actors can’t match those of Fu Dalong Ma Yili, the whole movie looks steady and has a strong flavor of TV movies.

　　But on the whole, Entering Beijing is still worth seeing. The decline of traditional opera art has become an indisputable fact. At present, not many young people love going to the theatre, and the traditional opera art itself is also facing problems such as the decline of creation, insufficient development funds, and lack of performing talents. Some opera arts are even at risk of extinction. Although we can’t expect a film "Into the Capital" to arouse young people’s love for opera, it can at least let more people know about Peking Opera, and understand that behind every opera that has been passed down from thousands of years ago, countless people’s painstaking efforts have been condensed, and countless people’s love for "playing beyond the sky" has been poured into it, and young audiences have a deep respect for traditional opera. One more attention, one more hope.

　　Outdoor sports are connected with people’s livelihood at one end and economy at the other.　

　　In recent years, with the development of economy and society and the improvement of living standards, people pay more and more attention to health and quality of life, and favor leisure and sports methods close to nature. The development of outdoor sports in China has ushered in spring.　

　　1. Overview of outdoor sports industry: The projects are rich and diverse to meet the needs of different types of people.　

　　Outdoor sports was born in Europe in the 18th century, and it first existed in the form of exploration and scientific investigation. By World War II, outdoor skills and equipment such as mountaineering, rock climbing and camping had made great progress in the army. With the economic recovery after the war, outdoor sports took the lead in realizing popular development in Europe and America, and became a way of life to improve the quality of life. Various outdoor organizations and outdoor competitions began to appear.　

　　Outdoor sports are rich and varied, which can be divided into land, mountains, water, ice and snow, air movement, camping activities and outdoor games according to different natural environments. According to the professional level and activity intensity, it can be divided into three categories: professional, routine and leisure outdoor sports to meet the needs of different types of people-professional outdoor sports are often in a harsh environment, requiring participants to reach the professional level in physical fitness, psychological quality and technical equipment; Conventional outdoor sports have relatively low professional requirements, which are both challenging and adventurous; Leisure outdoor sports mainly focus on experience and relaxation, and are suitable for a wide range of people.　

　　According to the data of Tianyancha Professional Edition, up to now, there are more than 279,000 outdoor sports-related enterprises in China. Among them, from January to February 2024, more than 7,000 related enterprises were newly registered, up 3.9% compared with the same period in 2023; In terms of geographical distribution, the number of outdoor sports-related enterprises in Zhejiang, Guangdong (tied for first place), Henan and Shandong ranks in the forefront, with more than 41,000, 17,000 and 16,000 respectively. From the time of establishment, 45.9% of related enterprises were established within 1-5 years, and 25.1% were established within 1 year.

　　Second, the development status of outdoor sports industry: from frisbee and camping to skiing, diving, bungee jumping and leisure coexist.　

　　With people’s pursuit of quality of life, outdoor sports are becoming more and more popular. In 2023, more people will flood into nature and feel the fun of outdoor sports. From frisbee and camping to skiing, diving and bungee jumping, outdoor sports and equipment are becoming more and more professional and hard-core, attracting more and more young people to join them.　

　　1. Development support　

　　With the improvement of people’s life and income level, outdoor sports consumption has gradually become an important consumption field for people to pursue health and quality of life. From 2022 to 2023, outdoor sports in China showed explosive growth, which promoted the rapid development of the industry. According to the data of China Outdoor Sports Industry Development Report (2022-2023), in the first half of 2023, orders related to outdoor sports increased by 79% compared with the same period in 2022, and the orders increased by 221% compared with the same period in 2019. In 2022, the market scale of outdoor products industry in China has reached 197.1 billion yuan, and it is expected to increase to 240 billion yuan in 2025. There are indications that China’s outdoor sports industry is growing rapidly, and China has become one of the countries with rapid growth in the global outdoor sports industry.　

　　With the deep integration of national fitness and national health, the outdoor sports industry, which meets the people’s needs for a better life, has entered a golden period of development, and the coexistence of market scale expansion and content quality improvement has become an important feature. Outdoor sports such as skiing, surfing, diving, mountain climbing, rock climbing, cycling, road running and fishing have gradually become new leisure choices for people to return to nature and relax in recent years. In 2022, the Outdoor Sports Industry Development Plan (2022-2025) jointly issued by the State Sports General Administration and the National Development and Reform Commission showed that by the end of 2021, the number of outdoor sports participants in China had exceeded 400 million, and the total scale of outdoor sports industry would exceed 3 trillion yuan by 2025.　

　　2. User portrait　

　　Comparing the portraits of outdoor users in a broad sense (including sports and outdoor sports), it is found that outdoor sports, especially leisure outdoor sports in recent years, show the following obvious characteristics:　

　　The post-90 s and post-80 s accounted for a larger proportion. Comparatively speaking, in outdoor sports, college students and middle-aged and elderly people account for a relatively small proportion, while the "post-80 s" groups represented by parent-child families and the middle class and the "90-95 s" groups who first entered the workplace and followed the trend constitute a relatively core part. Consumers in these two age groups have a certain economic foundation, stronger consumption power and more demands for quality life.　

　　Women account for a larger proportion. Different from traditional ball games, fitness or mountaineering and hiking, outdoor leisure sports under the new trend attract more female players, accounting for 2/3 of them, and "exquisite mother" has become one of the important labels.　

　　First-tier cities account for a larger proportion. First-tier and new first-tier cities have higher consumption capacity and pursuit of quality life and trendy things, with 65% outdoor sports participants concentrated, and their preferences affect the wind direction of the entire outdoor sports consumption market; The second, third and fourth tier cities have low penetration rate at present and are high potential areas for future market growth.　

　　Third, future development: consumer demand continues to heat up, welcoming unprecedented opportunities for development.　

　　With the continuous warming of consumer demand, the outdoor sports ecosystem is welcoming an unprecedented opportunity for development.　

　　On the one hand, hiking is becoming a new choice for modern people to escape the fast-paced life, blend in with nature and enjoy life. Walking through mountain streams, city streets, park trails and even deserts is not only a sport, but also an attitude towards life.　

　　Around hiking, jackets and sun protection clothes have become indispensable items in wardrobes. Hiking clothes hold up more than 80% of the market, and professional mountaineering and hiking shoes contribute 50% of the hiking shoes market. Small people walking upstream and cross-country gradually highlight great potential, and auxiliary equipment such as upstream shoes, cross-country running shoes, trekking poles and crampons are worthy of attention.　

　　In addition, in recent years, cycling, as a sport and social way, has been gaining popularity and the scale of related categories has continued to grow. Three different scenes, namely, urban cycling, road cycling and mountain cycling, have their own characteristics, which has brought diversified demands for cycling equipment. Every ride is a personalized equipment show, from bell and lock to watch and kettle rack, to shelves and reflective stickers.　

　　Tianyancha Research Institute believes that consumers’ preference for outdoor sports highlights their pursuit of a healthy life and also shows the huge consumption potential of the outdoor sports market.

Students are reading in the library of henan university of economics and law Longzihu Campus. Zuo Dongchen photo/bright picture

The sunset is sinking, the forest is lined with trees, and the afterglow is sprinkled between the blue tiles and red bricks. The old library lying at the foot of Yuelu Mountain looks quaint and elegant. Ren Peng, a doctoral student at Hunan University, always likes to choose this time to study here, wandering among them and making friends with the ancients. "The atmosphere of the library is very enjoyable. Reading without a purpose can really enter the aesthetic state." Ren Peng said with emotion, "But there are not many people who like to read paper books now. Everyone is more accustomed to using mobile phones and computers to read electronic materials."

This year’s "Government Work Report" once again emphasizes "deepening the reading activities of the whole people", and college students’ reading has also attracted attention from all walks of life. Recently, the topic of "The borrowing volume of paper books in university libraries is obviously declining, do college students not like reading?" has caused a heated discussion on the Internet. Some people think this is a normal phenomenon, and some people are worried about it. What are the reasons behind this phenomenon? How can university libraries mobilize various resources to add strength to jointly build a scholarly campus?

Spring blossoms, it is time to study. The reporter walked into the university campus and visited stories about reading.

Do college students really stop reading?

Ren Peng is a 23-year-old science student majoring in control science and engineering, but he is very interested in literature and history books. He borrows about 10 books from the library every year. The reporter randomly asked several college students of the same age as Ren Peng, and found that they borrowed no more than 10 books on average every year. Some people admitted that they had never borrowed books within one year.

What is the volume of books borrowed by college students? According to the annual reading report of Hunan University Library, the circulation of books in the library in 2019, 2021 and 2022 is about 530,000, 350,000 and 260,000 respectively. The reporter also checked the total number of books lent by Sun Yat-sen University Library from 2019 to 2022, which were about 680,000, 520,000 and 370,000 respectively. According to relevant data, the number of books borrowed by Kunming Medical University, Southwest University of Science and Technology and other universities is also gradually decreasing. In 2022, the development report of university libraries in Jiangsu Province has clear statistics. The average number of paper books and periodicals borrowed by the library decreased from 98,200 in 2017 to 35,800 in 2022, showing a continuous decreasing trend.

"It is normal that the number of paper books borrowed in colleges and universities is gradually decreasing." Professor Wang Junchao, Dean of the School of Journalism and Communication in Tsinghua University, is a library culture enthusiast. Before he entered the university to teach, he also worked as a "reporter" who contacted the National Library.He believes that with the continuous enrichment of electronic resources in university libraries, students can acquire knowledge and information quickly, and the amount of paper books will naturally decrease, but this does not directly prove that college students do not like reading."For example, many of the reference materials I ask students to read in class will provide electronic versions or online links."

Ren Peng will also use electronic products to browse learning materials and obtain information resources. "E-books are very convenient, occupying neither space nor paying extra. You can read books for free with the campus reading software, and you can save good articles into your mobile phone with your fingers. " He said.

While the borrowing of paper books is decreasing, the reading of e-books is increasing rapidly.Take chinese numerals resource download of Hunan University as an example, it was 9.05 million times in 2021 and 23.57 million times in 2022. According to the survey on "College Students’ Reading Situation" published by Zhejiang Social Science Association in 2022, the average reading volume of paper books and e-books for college students in Zhejiang Province is 8.48 and 13.5 respectively.

However, Li Guo, a student at Wuhan University, found that many people around him were not interested in deep reading, and the "short, flat and fast" and economical electronic products were more likely to make people addicted.

"Paper reading and electronic reading have their own advantages and disadvantages, but long-term’ fragmented reading’ is worthy of vigilance." Liu Ge, director of China National Reading Research Center of Hunan University, thinks.

"Some websites, WeChat official account and short video platforms will provide information that is easy to understand and does not require too much thinking in order to capture traffic, but complete, systematic and in-depth discussions and works are not common." Liu Ge said that in the long run, these fragmented information will damage students’ reading concentration, raise their reading stimulation threshold, and even make people become lazy in reading, reduce their ability to understand classic books, resulting in narrow knowledge structure and shallow knowledge reserves.

Students are reading in the library of Beijing Foreign Studies University. Xinhua news agency

Why is the borrowing volume of books declining?

During the visit, the reporter found that while the number of books borrowed from colleges and universities declined, the number of people entering the library remained high. In many libraries, the phenomenon of "one library is hard to find" often appeared, and some students started the mode of "grabbing seats online in the early morning", making "soaking in the library" a normal life.

So, what are college students "immersed" in the library doing?

Huang Xiaoling, a teacher of Hunan University Library, has worked in the library for more than 30 years. She observed that about half of the students studying in the library are preparing for the exam. "There is an established study room in the museum, which opens at 6: 30 in the morning and closes at 10: 30 in the evening. Seats are often in short supply."

Wang Qiong, director of the library of Beijing Normal University, found that the students who entered the library learned independently the most, followed by borrowing books and conducting seminars and other activities. "We have prepared a locker for students. Among the readers who applied for the locker in autumn, the number of people who stated the purpose of postgraduate entrance examination accounted for 31% of all applicants. "

Many interviewees admitted that college students are facing many practical pressures at present, and some people are more willing to devote their time to things with strong "practicality" such as exams and internships. They think that borrowing books from the library and reading without purpose can not bring tangible benefits in a short time.

At the same time, for those who want to borrow books from the library, the process of borrowing books is not smooth sailing.

As a frequent visitor to the library, Li Guo is very concerned about the development of the library. She teases herself as a "suggestion expert" and often puts forward specific suggestions for improving the quality of library services, such as "new books are slow to be put on shelves" and "I can’t find the books I want to read".

"I really wanted to read books on women’s literature before, but the inspection shows that the books I want to borrow have been in order; Sometimes if you want to find different versions of books, you will find that they are not complete; The works of some foreign minority writers are even rarer. " Li Guo said.

Huang Xiaoling is also very touched by this: "Sometimes, the funds for purchasing paper books are limited, but there are many new books published every year. In order to meet the demands of students, we will buy more digital resources as a supplement on the basis of’ preserving varieties and reducing duplicates’. For example, one or two copies of a new book are sometimes placed in the main campus, but may not be distributed in the sub-campuses. If students can’t check it, they have to do alternative reading through document delivery or e-books. "

Through interviews and literature review, the reporter learned that when books are put on the shelves, if there is no borrowing amount within a certain period of time, they will be defined as "zero borrowing" books, which are directly related to the supply and demand and distribution of collection resources.

Taking the collection of books in a normal school in the west as an example, in order to expand the coverage of books, the school has increased professional books such as industrial technology and medical and health care, but the books do not match the reading needs and professional adaptability of most readers, resulting in a structural imbalance between supply and demand of books. The borrowing amount of related books is less, which becomes a "sleeping" resource, which brings double waste of storage space and capital cost.

Some interviewees also said that there are some common problems in improving service and promoting development in university libraries, such as the pressure of "talents" and "funds".

"The number of staff in the editorial staff is decreasing year by year, the age is relatively large, and there are insufficient professionals. Some expanding and innovative businesses need professional talents to undertake, which affects the development of the business in the museum to some extent. " Huang Xiaoling said.

"There is some pressure on the library to purchase all kinds of documents." Wang Qiong believes that on the one hand, it takes a lot of manpower to carry out research and statistical analysis to select literature resources suitable for the development of disciplines and the needs of teaching and scientific research; On the other hand, the purchase price of database has increased sharply, which makes the original tight literature funds stretched. When purchasing foreign language databases, the change of exchange rate will also affect the collection decision.

A corner of Chongqing University Library. Sun Kaifang photo/bright picture

Let "ten thousand mu of book fields" nourish young students

Ren Peng also has the time of "borrowing books but not allowed". Once, he especially wanted to borrow a management book, and searched for it in the main library and branch library for a long time, but found nothing. A few days later, he found that an activity-"Flash Borrowing of New Books" was launched in the library’s WeChat WeChat official account. He curiously clicked on the web page, entered his personal student number and password, followed the prompts to search for the title of the book and place an order, and even ordered it for free! He received the new book two days later.

It is understood that after upgrading the "new book flash loan" service in Hunan University Library, readers can choose their own books online, and the procurement costs are borne by the library. After receiving the new books, readers can read them and return them to the library within 30 days. The reporter learned that Henan University, Southeast University and other universities have also carried out similar activities, tailoring the service model of "you borrow books and I pay the bill" for teachers and students, and improving the service quality in the library while meeting individual needs.

How to further optimize the procurement process? Wang Qiong suggested that a book selection team should be composed of subject experts and readers’ representatives to provide professional advice and ensure the academic and use value of books. Pay attention to the development of emerging disciplines in time to improve the advanced and timeliness of library collection. Use big data information, such as borrowing volume and reading preference, to provide reference for purchasing decisions and meet the needs of discipline development. In addition, through the integration of paper and electricity procurement, increase the number of e-books to respond to readers’ requirements and adapt to the reading needs of the information age.

Huang Xiaoling was particularly impressed by an activity: "The school invited an expert from the Beijing legal field to give a lecture, and the scene was packed at that time. The reading statistics of the month show that the borrowing volume of legal books has increased to a certain extent compared with usual, which also shows that students’ reading interest has certain guidance. "

The reporter found that guiding students to participate in campus activities can promote the revitalization of library resources and expand reading space.For example, Beijing Normal University once held the activity of "Deep Lane Good Books" for "Zero Lending" books, and some "old books" with profound thoughts and profound connotations shook off dust and reappeared brilliance, attracting students’ attention. Another example is the "Knowledge Competition on Chinese Civilization" launched by Peking University Library, which guides students to review their knowledge and read extensively, thus enhancing their cultural self-confidence.

"We need to consider how to establish an organic connection between readers, authors and texts, so as not to make young people feel’ alienated’ when reading, but only to find chapters and sentences and even look at the text." Wang Junchao believes that the library can hold more activities such as editing and reading meetings, sharing meetings, opinion debates and new book promotion, and can also build a "physical public sphere" leading the cultural construction of colleges and universities through innovative book concepts such as "real-life library".

In 2021, the Ministry of Education proposed to encourage a group of colleges and universities to pilot the construction of "future learning centers" to provide opportunities for the digital transformation of university libraries. "We should innovate in providing high-quality digital resources and building smart libraries according to the needs of future teaching and scientific research, so as to build a new learning space integrating personalized smart services, professional teaching support and diversified learning scenarios." Wang Qiong is full of expectations.

From a national perspective, relevant policy initiatives are gradually improving: in 2020, Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China issued the Opinions on Promoting Reading for All; In 2023, eight departments, including the Ministry of Education, issued the National Youth Students Reading Action Implementation Plan. In addition, the state has also set up special funds, innovated service carriers, established long-term mechanisms and other ways to unite various social forces, provide fresh water for young people to focus on reading, and make the "10,000 mu of book fields" in colleges and universities more vibrant.

(Source: Guangming Daily)

　　Located in a children’s playground in a shopping mall in the North Fifth Ring Road, there are still many parents playing with their children at night. Photo/Reporter Zhao Tingting

　　Nowadays, Beijing is at the turn of winter and spring, and the climatic characteristics of windy sand and smog make it a headache for many parents to go out. Children’s play areas in shopping malls, which are not affected by the weather and parents can have a place to rest, have therefore become a popular choice for "Liuwa". However, is the children’s play area in the shopping mall really safe and reliable? Beijing Youth Daily reporter recently visited a number of children’s play areas and found that the beautiful children’s play areas actually hide many problems, such as health and safety hazards, and the fees are not low, but there are also problems such as irregular fees.

　　survey

　　The site is littered with scraps of paper and dust

　　"Disinfection" is only wiped with a mop

　　When reporters from Beiqing Daily visited children’s playgrounds in several shopping malls in recent days, they found that many children’s playgrounds do have health hazards. Most children’s play areas require children and adults to wear socks, but in the playground, Beiqing Daily reporter saw many children running around barefoot. Even if parents and children wear socks as required, sometimes there will be unpleasant odor, which is more obvious when the weather is hot.

　　Ms. Ran, who lives near Xihongmen in the South Fifth Ring Road, told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that she once took her children to play in the children’s play area of a nearby shopping mall. The white socks that the children had just worn when they went out were covered with dust after only playing in them for two hours. "Although it didn’t completely turn black, it turned into a very obvious taupe." Ms. Ran said that she also found large pieces of paper scraps, fruit shells and other garbage in the corner of the amusement area. Since this experience, she always takes disinfectant with her every time she takes her children to play in the amusement area.

　　In addition, although most children’s play areas require children under the age of two to wear diapers, the reporter of Beiqing Daily found that no one asked or checked whether the children wore diapers when they entered. Not only that, the reporter of Beiqing Daily also saw with his own eyes that some children wet the ocean ball while playing in it, but the accompanying parents just took the child away and cleaned it, and did not inform the waiter to clean up the urine on the ocean ball.

　　However, when the reporter of Beiqing Daily asked the person in charge of a children’s play area near Tiantongyuan whether the play facilities and equipment would be cleaned every day, the answer was yes. "We clean and disinfect every day and have records."

　　However, in fact, the reporter of Beiqing Daily observed many times that the so-called equipment was clean, but only a few employees took a big mop and simply wiped the appearance of the children’s climbing area. Not only was there no further disinfection, but even the equipment did not enter.

　　Subsequently, the reporter of Beiqing Daily consulted a manufacturer specializing in the production of children’s amusement facilities as a merchant. Its customer service staff said that indoor amusement equipment needs to be cleaned regularly. Regarding the question of whether regular cleaning means hiring someone, and how to clean up the ocean balls with so many numbers, its customer service staff said that manufacturers have special cleaning machines for sale, but most businesses have not bought them, suggesting that "you can simply clean them yourself there".

　　The facilities are marked for children only.

　　Parents climb without being discouraged.

　　In the children’s play area, all the equipment is clearly marked: no adult riding. However, in children’s playgrounds, there are not a few adults chasing children to climb in the climbing area, trample in the bubble area and trampling on the trampoline.

　　"Children’s play facilities are only for children’s play. Please don’t stay on children’s equipment for a long time." In the children’s play area of a large shopping mall in the East Third Ring Road, the radio is playing a similar message, but many parents still turn a deaf ear and slide down the children’s slide with their children in their arms. In the crawling area made of bandages, many parents also climbed with their children.

　　Facing the scene of parents and children crawling on the amusement facilities together, although the staff of the playground stood by, they chose to turn a blind eye and did not go forward to dissuade them. When the reporter of Beiqing Daily consulted the staff, the other party said: "We can only remind them as much as possible. This mainly depends on the parents’ own consciousness."

　　Can children’s equipment be used by adults? A manufacturer of amusement facilities told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that the load-bearing capacity of children’s amusement facilities is limited. Adults are overweight and often climb on them, which will accelerate the aging and damage of facilities, leading to a significant increase in the probability of accidents. For example, for some children’s crossing facilities with bandages, the gap between bandages will become larger when adults use them many times, and the risk of children getting stuck or falling will also increase. According to the production requirements, adults can’t use children’s amusement facilities.

　　"The child is too young to follow, and it is not safe if it gets stuck." Ms. Sun, a citizen who crawled along the narrow aisle with her little grandson, said that she actually didn’t want to crawl around with her children, but there was no special person in the playground to help guide and care for the children. For the safety of the children, she could only climb with them.

　　The per capita charge is nearly 100 yuan.

　　Pre-paid card withdrawal encountered difficulties.

　　The reporter of Beiqing Daily found that the consumption of children’s play areas is not low. There are two main ways to consume children’s play areas in shopping malls: one-time consumption and membership card recharge consumption. The charging standard for a single consumption is generally around 80 yuan, and the expensive one can reach 200 or even 300 yuan. After recharging the membership card of the children’s amusement park, most consumers can enjoy certain discounts. On average, the cheap ones cost nearly 100 yuan each time.

　　In the list of the top 12 amusement parks in Chaoyang District Children’s Paradise popularity list listed on a review website, the most expensive amusement park is 386 yuan per capita, and the cheapest one is 122 yuan per capita. For example, there is a children’s play area suitable for children aged 2 -3 on the third floor of INDIGO. The weekend ticket price is 120 yuan, limited to two hours, and the package ticket to 550 yuan is six times.

　　At the same time, the merchants are very casual about the formulation of consumption rules. Because children love riding the merry-go-round, Ms. Liu applied for recharging 500 yuan’s membership card in a children’s amusement park near lishuiqiao, and she can enjoy about 20% discount every time she rides.

　　However, because the recharge is carried out by purchasing game coins, Ms. Liu was told that once the game coins are purchased, they will not be refunded. A few days ago, when Ms. Liu took her children on a Trojan horse, she found that the ticket office of the playground posted a notice that the recharge of the month must be completed before the end of the month. "If you change it, you will change it, and no one will inform you at all. If I hadn’t seen it myself, I might have expired and didn’t know it!" Ms. Liu said.

　　In addition, the difficulty of card withdrawal is also a major drawback of shopping malls and playgrounds being vomited by many mothers. Ms. Qian, a citizen, told the reporter of Beiqing Daily about her experience. At the end of last year, the children’s play area in a shopping mall in the fourth ring road in the northwest had a situation where the recharge could not be refunded after the merchant changed hands. "At that time, we went to the shopping mall theory, but the shopping mall said that the announcement had been posted before, and the responsibility of reminding was fulfilled. The stored value card refund had to go to the merchant." She said that because there was not much money left in the card, the matter was finally dropped.

　　The reporter of Beiqing Daily found out that it is not uncommon to have a similar problem of card withdrawal. According to media reports, at the end of 2018, a consumer set up a membership card worth 1,500 yuan in Youyoutang, Harmony Square in Ginza, but after only two or three times, the store suddenly closed, and it was impossible to contact the merchant for a refund. Previously, Youyoutang in Beijing Xihongmen Gathering Center and Youyoutang in Cuiwei Kaide mall closed their stores in this way. Text/reporter Zhao Tingting

　　extend

　　There is a regulatory gap in indoor children’s playgrounds.

　　Children’s amusement facilities are not only used in large quantities, but also easily bitten by children when playing, so the quality of facilities and equipment and regular cleaning and disinfection become very important. However, the reporter of Beiqing Daily learned that the health problems of children’s parks in shopping malls seem to face "three no matter", but only the merchants are conscious.

　　China’s "Regulations on Hygiene Management of Public Places" clearly stipulates that 28 kinds of places in 7 categories will be regulated, but indoor children’s playgrounds are not included, which makes its hygiene management lack a clear basis. In terms of actual supervision, shopping malls generally only ask for the fire safety of playgrounds, but pay little attention to health and other issues, and few health departments do on-the-spot supervision and inspection of indoor children’s playgrounds.

　　In addition to health problems, the safety supervision of children’s playgrounds in shopping malls is also facing the same dilemma. It is understood that most amusement places in shopping malls have both small amusement facilities and electronic amusement equipment, which are often neither purely cultural and entertainment places nor sports and fitness places in nature, and the subject of supervision is not clear, so there is a lack of clear mandatory safety standards.

　　According to China’s "Regulations on Safety Supervision of Special Equipment", the quality supervision department is only responsible for supervising the safety of large amusement facilities, such as roller coasters. However, small children’s amusement equipment such as ocean balls, slides and climbing are not within the scope of special equipment marked by the Special Equipment Safety Law.

　　According to industry insiders, the supervision of children’s playgrounds in shopping malls requires the joint efforts of many departments, including the supervision of equipment production and sales, as well as the inspection and supervision of operators. Only by coordinated management of various departments can the health and safety of children’s playgrounds be ensured.

　　Text/reporter Zhao Tingting

　　CCTV News:At present, learning English is a basic need in work, study and life for both children and adults, so various English training institutions are hot. However, with the gradual shortage of high-quality foreign teachers, some institutions have the phenomenon of "having a foreign face, you can be a foreign teacher", and the class hours are expensive. Does this price really match the quality of teaching?

　　The mother tongue of "English foreign teachers" is not English.

　　In Beijing, the reporter visited several English training institutions. When recommending courses for foreign teachers, most training institutions indicate that their foreign teachers are from English-speaking countries such as the United States, Britain, Canada and Australia.

　　Staff of an English training institution:Both online and offline, our foreign teachers are teachers from North America and Canada.

　　Staff of an English training institution:All the foreign teachers come from Ireland, that is, those countries next to Britain.

　　The reporter learned that most of the foreign teachers’ oral English classes in these training institutions are taught in small classes, and the average price per class is around 600 yuan to 700 yuan, which is much higher than that of the courses taught by Mr. China.

　　Staff of an English training institution:China has a class with 6 students in each class, which lasts for 10 hours and costs 3080 yuan. Foreign teachers teach 1800 yuan an hour, which means chatting.

　　However, the reporter found that the publicity of these English training institutions seems to be untrue. On an online English training mobile APP, the customer service staff has always stressed that all their foreign teachers come from English-speaking countries such as Britain, the United States, Australia and Canada, but in the "Recommended Teachers" section, the reporter saw that there are two Portuguese teachers.

　　English teachers:I was born in Portugal. You know, Portugal is not an English-speaking country. But I can learn English well. I have been teaching English for 4 years. Most people who meet me will think that I was born and raised in America.

　　In the teacher information released by many English training institutions, the reporter also found that many foreign teachers live in countries where English is not the main language.

　　English teachers:I come from Ukraine, and I am an English teacher in China.

　　English teachers:I’m from Morocco. I’m 23 years old. Now I’m an English teacher in China, teaching children.

　　Some consumers said that from the perspective of teaching, whether the mother tongue is English is not a necessary condition for teaching English well. But the English pronunciation of some foreign teachers is really flattering.

　　Consumer:I signed up for a foreign teacher class, but he insisted that he was British, but whether it sounded or looked, I thought he was from Southeast Asia, and his pronunciation was awkward.

　　The staff of an English training institution told reporters that their foreign teachers not only have accents, but also have multiple jobs.

　　Staff of an English training institution:There is a Frenchman who works part-time as a foreign teacher here. I am not shy about it. He just speaks with an accent. He has five jobs in China at the same time, and he has everything in his major, such as liberal arts, science, engineering and art … …

　　Foreign teachers’ qualifications are difficult to check.

　　According to the relevant laws and regulations of our country, foreigners must obtain employment permit certificates when they are employed in China. Foreigners who come to China to apply for a foreign language teaching work visa must meet the conditions of having a bachelor’s degree or above, two years or above relevant work experience, being engaged in mother tongue teaching, and having no criminal record. Then, do the foreign teachers in these training institutions now have relevant qualifications?

　　Staff of an English training institution:This is the personal privacy of foreign teachers and cannot be made public.

　　Staff of an English training institutionI can show you TESOL (teaching english to speakers of other languages Certificate), but not passport. It’s personal privacy.

　　Reporter:What about the visa?

　　Staff of an English training institution:Of course, I can’t show you the visa.

　　When a reporter asked on the official website of a training institution whether it was possible to check the qualifications of foreign teachers, he got the reply that "there is a shortage of foreign teachers now" and the status of foreign teachers belongs to "trade secrets". Some training institutions don’t even know what a foreigner’s work permit is.

　　Reporter:May I see the foreign teacher’s work permit?

　　Staff of an English training institution:What is this thing? I’m not sure what this is.

　　According to China’s relevant regulations, only "Z-visa" is issued to those who apply to work in China. Foreigners holding other visas such as students and tourists are not allowed to teach in China. The reporter learned that in China, it is not easy for foreign teachers to get a work permit for teaching foreign languages in non-native countries.

　　Reporter:If you are from a non-native English-speaking country, can you apply for a work permit in China and be a foreign teacher in China?

　　Staff of the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs:In principle, foreign language teachers must be native speakers, so if (foreign teachers in non-native countries) want to submit online normally, we will definitely not approve it, because it is written in the policy.

　　The reporter found in the investigation that there are also foreign teachers’ intermediary companies to contact foreign teachers’ resources for training institutions, with different qualifications and different prices. According to the intermediary staff, foreign teachers from English-speaking countries who hold cultural and educational work visas generally earn more than 20 thousand yuan a month; If it is a foreign teacher whose mother tongue is not English and holds a student visa, the monthly salary is about 10 thousand yuan.

　　Staff of a foreign teacher intermediary company:Only the cultural and educational work visas are legal, and all other visas are illegal, but most foreign teachers in China are illegal now, but as long as this is not found, there is no problem.

　　It is necessary to be cautious to strictly investigate foreigners’ illegal work and choose foreign teachers

　　With a foreigner’s face, these unqualified "foreign teachers" can easily find a job with a good salary. And parents spent high tuition fees in exchange for courses that were not worthy of the name. In recent years, all kinds of chaos in the foreign teacher market have attracted the attention of the relevant state departments, and they have cracked down with heavy punches.

　　Recently, Beijing No.3 Intermediate People’s Court made a final judgment on Liu Moujuan and other three people suspected of committing the crime of organizing others to cross the border. The three defendants knew that foreign teachers did not have legal entry procedures, but also illegally organized a number of foreign teachers to enter the country and introduced foreign teachers to engage in illegal labor services. In the end, he was sentenced to two years’ imprisonment, one year and nine months, and one year and six months, and fined 10,000 yuan and 5,000 yuan.

　　Yu Jingmin, presiding judge of Beijing No.3 Intermediate People’s Court:They found some foreigners who are interested in working as foreign teachers in China through instant messaging tools and online forums.

　　According to the defendant’s confession and testimony, these unqualified foreign teachers they organized mainly obtained the opportunity to come to China by handling short-term visas such as study visas and business visas.

　　Yu Jingmin, presiding judge of Beijing No.3 Intermediate People’s Court:They discussed with foreigners to carry out early childhood education in China in this way. After the visa expires, they will organize foreigners to go to some Chinese embassies and consulates abroad to renew their visas and continue to work illegally in China.

　　The staff of the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs who was sentenced to importing "black foreign teachers" said that regular foreign teachers must go through examination and approval and obtain the Work Permit for Foreigners and the work-related residence certificate issued by the Public Security Bureau before they can take up their posts. When choosing a foreign teacher, parents can ask the training institution to provide the Work Permit of the foreign teacher.

　　Lu Suwen, a staff member of the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs:The front is the issuing authority of the license, and the back can see the photo and name of the foreign teacher, as well as a QR code, which can be scanned by Alipay or WeChat to get the corresponding information of the foreign teacher.

　　Staff of the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs:There will be specific job positions when you scan them out, instead of writing "foreign teacher" in such a general way, you will write down English teachers or other language teachers.

　　In addition, the work permit for foreigners requires annual inspection. If consumers find that the work permit is overdue or the position on the work permit does not match their actual position, they can report it to the public security organ in time.